Sciatica

What is Sciatica?

Sciatica is a condition characterized by pain radiating along the sciatic nerve, which extends from the lower back through the hips, buttocks, and down each leg. It usually affects only one side of the body.

Causes of Sciatica

Sciatica occurs when the sciatic nerve is compressed, often due to a herniated disc, bone spur, or spinal stenosis (narrowing of the spine). Other causes include injuries, infections, and tumors that press on the nerve. Prolonged sitting, obesity, or diabetes can also increase the risk.

Symptoms of Sciatica

The primary symptom of sciatica is sharp, shooting pain that radiates from the lower back down the leg. Some people experience numbness, tingling, or muscle weakness along the nerve pathway. The pain can vary from mild to severe and may worsen with movement, coughing, or sitting.

Diagnosis of Sciatica

Diagnosis usually involves a physical examination, assessing pain patterns, and imaging tests such as X-rays, MRI, or CT scans. These help identify the underlying cause, such as a herniated disc or bone spur.

Treatment Options for Sciatica

Treatment typically includes a combination of self-care and medical interventions. Pain relief can be achieved through anti-inflammatory medications, physical therapy, and exercises aimed at improving posture and strengthening core muscles. For severe cases, corticosteroid injections or surgery may be recommended.

Preventing Sciatica

Maintaining a healthy weight, regular exercise, and practicing good posture can help prevent sciatica. Proper lifting techniques and taking breaks during prolonged sitting can also reduce the risk of nerve compression.